In Egypt, the government has initiated large-scale projects to reuse drainage water to face the great challenges due to its limited water resources. Taking into consideration the environmental aspects of drainage water reuse, the diffuse pollution of water resources from agricultural sources (fertilizers) is a major environmental issue. A high percentage of applied fertilizers is lost because of poor management, which leads to nutrients leaching through different crop rotations. An integrated precise tool to predict nitrate leaching is needed for the adoption of management policies to address water quality problems and to establish limits for sustainable drainage water reuse. To quantify and analyze subsurface nitrate leaching, a combination model of the system was made in DRAINMOD-N software. The study was applied to the Mashtul Pilot Area, Egypt, as a case study. In addition to analyzing subsurface nitrate leaching, the model calculated nitrate leaching for the year 2020 for the area.

In Egypt require to improve agricultural production to save food demand with increase population. Soil salinity is a significant attractive problem for agriculture in irrigated areas. As a result, monitoring of soil salinity is required for salinization control. One of the greatest challenges faced by Egypt’s decision-makers is the acquisition of reliable integrated soil salinity information to introduce and recommendation of a simple approach to formulating a guideline for stakeholders. Saline affected areas are vast, making it extremely difficult to examine soil quality with field and laboratory data to provide reliable approach to forecast and monitor soil salinity. Objective of this paper is to research remote sensing and ArcGIS tools by Geo-Statistical Analyst techniques to map saline-sodic heavy clay soils of the Tina plain area in Egypt.

In the context of utilizing solar ponds, this research was commenced to enhance their performance so as to rely on them as a nonconventional water resources. Primarily, literature was reviewed in the field of solar ponds. The technique can be used to develop the energy needed for pumping, lifting, collecting or treating water…

In terms of the importance of solar radiation sustainability in Egypt, this research was initiated with the objective of mapping solar ponds to provide solar energy by Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision-making method to ensure their efficiency, in terms of cost. Primarily, literature in the field of solar ponds and clean energy was assembled, reviewed, analyzed and categorized to deduce data about solar pond locations and analyze such data. Accordingly, different variables were considered such as power line stations, ...

Recently issued Portland cement specifications allow producing Portland cement with different types, compositions, andgrades that differ from those conventionally produced and used before issuing these specifications. Available mix design methods arebased on the conventional Portland cement manufactured and used before issuing these specifications. This triggers the need to developmix design guidelines based on the different types of cement that become available according to the recently issued cement specifications,therefore the current study has been initiated.In the current study, 156 different concrete mixes were developed, designed, and carried out experimentally in order to develop designguidelines for the concrete mixtures having cements with different types (Ordinary Portland Cement (CEM I) and blended cement withdifferent additions of limestone and slag (CEM II)),

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